[{"type":"BlockQuote","children":[{"text":"LeetCode 的 "},{"text":"clang 19","code":true},{"text":" 采用最新 C++ 23 标准，并使用 GCC 14 提供的 "},{"text":"libstdc++","code":true},{"text":"，大部分标准库的头文件已经被自动导入。\n\n本文仅整理 LeetCode 中最常用的部分容器与算法，不保证覆盖标准库全部容器。\n\n—— C++ for leetcode"}],"slateId":"glcE068LdfvFnkpfIu7vl"},{"type":"Paragraph","children":[{"text":"最近 LeetCode 上面的刷题数到了 200，于是总结一下常用的 C++ 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ranges::count(v, x);"}],"slateId":"9pPgzNrl95k72NiHn0Aw6"}],"slateId":"e4DEXiV7yxk8E1xpdytqo"},{"type":"Heading3","children":[{"text":"迭代器"}],"slateId":"sDoeCkdkULfzgeGb9Eeyp"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"// 正向\nfor (auto it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); ++it) {}\n\n// 反向\nfor (auto it = v.rbegin(); it != v.rend(); ++it) {}"}],"slateId":"4KN54l8dR3KaSvCBraoTf"}],"slateId":"uWYgN79g7dychnFPmqnpu"},{"type":"Paragraph","children":[{"text":"复杂度："}],"slateId":"6DZyfg615qcTi9NnG2xTG"},{"type":"BulletedList","children":[{"type":"ListItem","children":[{"text":"随机访问："},{"type":"Latex","tex":"O(1)","children":[{"text":""}],"slateId":"VMDYrmXtZNENOegUjxcxB"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"6_ofFmENWcUogQJDmMNv4"},{"type":"ListItem","children":[{"text":"尾部插入：均摊 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计数："},{"type":"Latex","tex":"O(n)","children":[{"text":""}],"slateId":"ZGNFpQgu9PHDbAf7vqgYG"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"vQOkOHu41Sx2FsvtFJjAb"},{"type":"ListItem","children":[{"text":"填充："},{"type":"Latex","tex":"O(n)","children":[{"text":""}],"slateId":"WP1BqRKJbmLtaCV4NAg48"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"jaEwzcEbkEXqR397y43fH"},{"type":"ListItem","children":[{"text":"交换："},{"type":"Latex","tex":"O(n)","children":[{"text":""}],"slateId":"KMTSlzyvEFyc7CQdz270g"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"0VFBrQ1J-TsUIvqs8hjqv"}],"slateId":"X3_FxzOfsNlnAWQTDpMal"},{"type":"Heading2","children":[{"text":"deque"}],"slateId":"7MsvYKm1CZsAF0a_8kRFt"},{"type":"Paragraph","children":[{"text":"底层："},{"type":"Span","children":[{"text":"分段数组（非连续内存）","bold":true}],"slateId":"Q27PcbwuiV-UOypgiVF1H"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"dJH6yF1YtGrO1yCZ07zDI"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"deque 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count(dq.begin(), dq.end(), x);\n\n// ranges 版本\nauto it = ranges::find(dq, x);\nint cnt = ranges::count(dq, x);"}],"slateId":"Nf1PC5vYG7SFrvQ8Md9Eg"}],"slateId":"b1xcKk5MRHP9gt6byWWLG"},{"type":"Heading3","children":[{"text":"迭代器"}],"slateId":"vZl_Dzom399WIgCrdqzI_"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"// 正向\nfor (auto it = dq.begin(); it != dq.end(); ++it) {}\n\n// 反向\nfor (auto it = dq.rbegin(); it != dq.rend(); ++it) {}"}],"slateId":"jrIPnoXqjgPwnA52X2pPE"}],"slateId":"9uegeN-ECF3xlvZShLYE8"},{"type":"Heading3","children":[{"text":"不支持"}],"slateId":"x_eDg7JbqAVWgrDxbU9sa"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"// 不支持成员查找\ndq.find(x); // ❌\ndq.contains(x); // ❌\n\n// 不支持按值删除\ndq.erase(x); // ❌"}],"slateId":"imBhy97sry7SmuTuam5Yv"}],"slateId":"z2I0sjvpJzI2sx0iR3jqq"},{"type":"Paragraph","children":[{"text":"复杂度："}],"slateId":"DCkb349Fjxs_13YcYKhzg"},{"type":"BulletedList","children":[{"type":"ListItem","children":[{"text":"随机访问："},{"type":"Latex","tex":"O(1)","children":[{"text":""}],"slateId":"dG3j3WWTAfwzLsEbdmSak"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"l5nGyIfB1IKPE_XVkPDV_"},{"type":"ListItem","children":[{"text":"头尾插入 / 删除："},{"type":"Latex","tex":"O(1)","children":[{"text":""}],"slateId":"aoZogQlvDSrGN7Y7tJEQz"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"ypfeSrajBojhjibl_s9MY"},{"type":"ListItem","children":[{"text":"中间插入 / 删除："},{"type":"Latex","tex":"O(n)","children":[{"text":""}],"slateId":"glN5-AQiChToGSyQYxvow"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"uCNJmoMhzOrCtFt1wUar-"},{"type":"ListItem","children":[{"text":"查找 / 计数："},{"type":"Latex","tex":"O(n)","children":[{"text":""}],"slateId":"8XlSVEGKmnA_YaloYhDOk"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"XTiw_x_pJ42SThvirELZv"}],"slateId":"QYmjJhjY4PVm7wcIe70T5"},{"type":"Heading2","children":[{"text":"string"}],"slateId":"2aBENAvDoJtwE2_Ap0Zmr"},{"type":"Paragraph","children":[{"text":"说明："},{"type":"Span","children":[{"text":"string 并非标准顺序容器，但其接口与 ","italic":true},{"text":"vector","code":true},{"text":" 类似，这里按顺序结构统一整理","italic":true}],"slateId":"UeTrBW2sVdDA0oqfBQCcj"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"GUinnhrHStv9YhFyuomlV"},{"type":"Heading3","children":[{"text":"定义与访问"}],"slateId":"tjg3NOuTWnxrBbi2eNoP8"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"string s = \"abc\";\n\nint n = s.size();\nbool ok = s.empty();\n\nchar c = s[i];\nchar c = s.front();\nchar c = s.back();"}],"slateId":"3Yp4AxYicZgRE1BEQtWuG"}],"slateId":"EooI9vFiXmm-DOCAjRM1W"},{"type":"Paragraph","children":[{"text":"复杂度："},{"type":"Latex","tex":"O(1)","children":[{"text":""}],"slateId":"MybGN4IOmC9UMOZI8_F_t"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"hP5Bx0ra6kLO0_aais0NO"},{"type":"Heading3","children":[{"text":"常用操作"}],"slateId":"4JYdep2CvBxdA0vm23HnS"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"// 追加\ns += t;\ns.push_back(c);\n\n// 删除\ns.pop_back();\ns.erase(pos, len);\n\n// 插入\ns.insert(pos, t);\n\n// 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len);"}],"slateId":"h6AOLDZXmgn0TT5_xJyjG"}],"slateId":"5EukTYDHIyoJxBmagiWqs"},{"type":"Paragraph","children":[{"text":"说明："}],"slateId":"0U1nmiujJGzkmr9OM1ZMk"},{"type":"BulletedList","children":[{"type":"ListItem","children":[{"text":"第二个参数是长度"}],"slateId":"_tVo_UgcFTAy5Q3ktEf1H"}],"slateId":"eyF-kjwF3NdXs2tOXQDJl"},{"type":"Paragraph","children":[{"text":"复杂度："},{"type":"Latex","tex":"O(len)","children":[{"text":""}],"slateId":"q3UtuJfKsrcztziUWT68U"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"gs1dgobhihRBMIp9qc62E"},{"type":"Heading3","children":[{"text":"转换"}],"slateId":"FdV6F65dixtf8DfdV9Tkv"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"int x = stoi(s);\nlong long y = stoll(s);\n\nstring t = 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删除\nq.push(x);\nq.emplace(x);\n\nq.pop();\n\n// 访问\nint f = q.front();\nint b = q.back();\n\n// 大小\nint n = q.size();\nbool ok = q.empty();"}],"slateId":"AnV3RgtYULgdTK6PMNXb_"}],"slateId":"2IfEVgvBTeObb5QXvfOSR"},{"type":"Heading3","children":[{"text":"不支持"}],"slateId":"TadrmZBI09pNWeOERdFVT"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"// 不支持随机访问\nq[i]; // ❌\n\n// 不支持迭代器\nq.begin(); // ❌\n\n// 不支持查找\nq.find(x); // ❌\nq.contains(x); // ❌\n\n// 不支持按值删除\nq.erase(x); // ❌"}],"slateId":"JnVbnTt09d7R6_UYvnWAS"}],"slateId":"5RVqj9MDity3Ru2POy6Vz"},{"type":"Paragraph","children":[{"text":"复杂度："}],"slateId":"LlzWW3fPjgC07MW28uMdA"},{"type":"BulletedList","children":[{"type":"ListItem","children":[{"text":"插入 / 删除："},{"type":"Latex","tex":"O(1)","children":[{"text":""}],"slateId":"lJlhwirki59Fx-BDGedIX"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"fsnjyOIk4DG2L1ZY9s8Ql"},{"type":"ListItem","children":[{"text":"访问头尾："},{"type":"Latex","tex":"O(1)","children":[{"text":""}],"slateId":"awdBrcjMyf81oawPnQFhb"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"ANDWRv_CQaPjhpsrm735s"}],"slateId":"KgzZMpW24l2P2k3xTRDQK"},{"type":"Heading2","children":[{"text":"stack"}],"slateId":"eYZVY8skz04bbKXoVz5k9"},{"type":"Paragraph","children":[{"text":"底层："},{"type":"Span","children":[{"text":"deque（默认）","bold":true}],"slateId":"imapuHUzOzOULlEHe2j-H"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"Wxdnd9ZIvJLU6HLI-WMQg"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"stack st;"}],"slateId":"A486fv0KS5moa8NUtLkXF"}],"slateId":"tQp6lAdvzogpHf4yp15PR"},{"type":"Heading3","children":[{"text":"常用操作"}],"slateId":"ePG0vFPTzt7dENyIgmDHH"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"// 插入 / 删除\nst.push(x);\nst.emplace(x);\n\nst.pop();\n\n// 访问栈顶\nint x = st.top();\n\n// 大小\nint n = st.size();\nbool ok = st.empty();"}],"slateId":"Pj_4-M94AMEhvrR0Oenln"}],"slateId":"HIHQNQqfmnFGIVEju_L0y"},{"type":"Heading3","children":[{"text":"不支持"}],"slateId":"w8fEhipYwNL_E7-i5ntl0"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"// 不支持随机访问\nst[i]; // ❌\n\n// 不支持迭代器\nst.begin(); // ❌\n\n// 不支持查找\nst.find(x); // ❌\nst.contains(x); // ❌\n\n// 不支持按值删除\nst.erase(x); // ❌"}],"slateId":"50uHlP0dpj76awwJPlQdk"}],"slateId":"oQYVyg0gM8DH8NFnzZubP"},{"type":"Paragraph","children":[{"text":"复杂度："}],"slateId":"BJbHZeYDM6qcSilm5fz8S"},{"type":"BulletedList","children":[{"type":"ListItem","children":[{"text":"插入 / 删除："},{"type":"Latex","tex":"O(1)","children":[{"text":""}],"slateId":"RijZB9NejFuK59VShlMxu"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"XR1QE_QVqSjdgLBbtJd0M"},{"type":"ListItem","children":[{"text":"访问栈顶："},{"type":"Latex","tex":"O(1)","children":[{"text":""}],"slateId":"79fVYRI5X8rh-0te42jvj"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"gqdmmI2OqaAy2p0n65dtT"}],"slateId":"AQXDHXFeMeVDQcvGLG69J"},{"type":"Heading2","children":[{"text":"priority_queue"}],"slateId":"oTLbbJiilYmGyCe-ALp53"},{"type":"Paragraph","children":[{"text":"底层："},{"type":"Span","children":[{"text":"堆（vector + heap 算法）","bold":true}],"slateId":"3mW-9XeN2Ef5-Yupu93oR"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"eHyLyI_qDeeVrGXRXOA75"},{"type":"Paragraph","children":[{"text":"默认是大根堆，即堆顶是最大元素"}],"slateId":"2FXHaNxxirbnafD4MfMOj"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"priority_queue pq;"}],"slateId":"BfdKWTw93BkgaX_PRnaym"}],"slateId":"wDAXx743gYYsdpz-cTvlc"},{"type":"Heading3","children":[{"text":"常用操作"}],"slateId":"zyio7QfL9aJeSxxsPMxPc"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"// 插入 / 删除\npq.push(x);\npq.emplace(x);\n\npq.pop();\n\n// 访问堆顶\nint x = pq.top();\n\n// 大小\nint n = pq.size();\nbool ok = pq.empty();"}],"slateId":"rYFeLcOOwYZlRYko17sFd"}],"slateId":"XYrzAn79ADnfIr3ERfsnK"},{"type":"Heading3","children":[{"text":"小根堆"}],"slateId":"AC3UEsqf4j_kccrjGgLG3"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"priority_queue, greater> pq;"}],"slateId":"eCfcR99lHysCnPKY1aqxQ"}],"slateId":"-_9lso7CAXxbDrpEaMgiQ"},{"type":"Heading3","children":[{"text":"pair 默认比较"}],"slateId":"LOEDAeGCjxMlwTL89pOEr"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"priority_queue> pq;"}],"slateId":"Ez5NwlCb5k2nPZJ6bcLeD"}],"slateId":"D9TAsZ-9OkkoYnX4RMKh1"},{"type":"Paragraph","children":[{"text":"说明："}],"slateId":"eWxcEjTyhI3dsVAR59D45"},{"type":"BulletedList","children":[{"type":"ListItem","children":[{"text":"按 "},{"type":"Span","children":[{"text":"字典序比较","bold":true}],"slateId":"CWdmsNjO-cA_dAe6rdotD"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"H0C1oqb-afqGlxVqgasCa"},{"type":"ListItem","children":[{"text":"先比较 "},{"text":"first","code":true},{"text":"，若相等再比较 "},{"text":"second","code":true}],"slateId":"j9NcWLwlZj08HlCVKshjd"}],"slateId":"ukebHLfaWbUjDJ9qRIQ8G"},{"type":"Heading3","children":[{"text":"不支持"}],"slateId":"0dhGrLkkJldqDUESSce_r"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"// 不支持随机访问\npq[i]; // ❌\n\n// 不支持迭代器\npq.begin(); // ❌\n\n// 不支持查找\npq.find(x); // ❌\npq.contains(x); // ❌\n\n// 不支持按值删除\npq.erase(x); // ❌"}],"slateId":"kFjUwAEZM5tFtYOef795i"}],"slateId":"SIFiBGQH8VaG_md25GgnC"},{"type":"Paragraph","children":[{"text":"复杂度："}],"slateId":"mEOdWd311RjVZkxuiHnPQ"},{"type":"BulletedList","children":[{"type":"ListItem","children":[{"text":"插入 / 删除："},{"type":"Latex","tex":"O(\\log n)","children":[{"text":""}],"slateId":"w_i-E10pXkjSFZnAzpV0x"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"a6y_B1JbWTFWrxoI_mepZ"},{"type":"ListItem","children":[{"text":"访问堆顶："},{"type":"Latex","tex":"O(1)","children":[{"text":""}],"slateId":"53FPcadlPN0Df78He_X6G"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"JkWlSBSDKk627gdKQ4kiP"}],"slateId":"QkXIM1pIkb-VbsJblKnRi"},{"type":"HorizontalRule","children":[{"text":""}],"slateId":"mPzjc40gdZj2JjEaxUrhB"},{"type":"Heading1","children":[{"text":"关联容器"}],"slateId":"ZqZi-3I_SGWic1cy8_2xW"},{"type":"Heading2","children":[{"text":"map / multimap / unordered_map"}],"slateId":"eRoXggSaqYGNk-_cgHFQa"},{"type":"Heading3","children":[{"text":"底层"}],"slateId":"ceO2oLNu_QXvr3y1sJI7R"},{"type":"BulletedList","children":[{"type":"ListItem","children":[{"text":"map / multimap","code":true},{"text":"："},{"type":"Span","children":[{"text":"红黑树（有序）","bold":true}],"slateId":"H4vkL6rXlMZrI039D_pJJ"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"y3eKo3KRoyfDTpo8dhFfE"},{"type":"ListItem","children":[{"text":"unordered_map","code":true},{"text":"："},{"type":"Span","children":[{"text":"哈希表（无序）","bold":true}],"slateId":"rdFnlBXSBtpzhXyn7AhXj"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"m0flmIN9y4BR8Owh0Bb05"}],"slateId":"YqIVWzVm9875QA1idSQ3S"},{"type":"Heading3","children":[{"text":"常用操作"}],"slateId":"MdaKg3cCyhf-6M7vGa2_B"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"map mp;\nunordered_map ump;\nmultimap mmp;\n\n// 访问，map / unordered_map 支持，key 不存在时会返回默认值\nmp[key];\n\n// 插入\nmp[key] = val;\nmp.insert({key, val});\nmp.emplace(key, val);\n\n// 查找\nauto it = mp.find(key);\n\n// 是否存在\nbool ok = mp.contains(key);\n\n// 计数\nint cnt = mp.count(key);\n\n// 删除\nmp.erase(key);\n\n// 大小\nint n = mp.size();\nbool ok2 = mp.empty();\n\n// 清空\nmp.clear();"}],"slateId":"ODHbY4s9CIYXItF7CbPw4"}],"slateId":"dozWo-PzCKq0_DdVSO-uj"},{"type":"Heading3","children":[{"text":"有序容器特有（map / multimap）"}],"slateId":"ghuR_ElAqmBDK2aV89iNk"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"// 第一个 >= key\nauto it = mp.lower_bound(key);\n\n// 第一个 > key\nauto it = mp.upper_bound(key);"}],"slateId":"DYojg9wauw_s_hzAVlolh"}],"slateId":"sKq9NaYLrI1_36GJjFncb"},{"type":"Heading3","children":[{"text":"迭代器"}],"slateId":"kkwQb7Oa-wgT3Wqz9yfZ2"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"// 正向\nfor (auto it = mp.begin(); it != mp.end(); ++it) {}\n\n// 反向（仅有序容器）\nfor (auto it = mp.rbegin(); it != mp.rend(); ++it) {}"}],"slateId":"A-z9c7nl5w38UZCiWThIR"}],"slateId":"nyvrnhNhFArI2k3e3OTxF"},{"type":"Heading3","children":[{"text":"不支持"}],"slateId":"ggamb-ncDsFiGpvTOqsFg"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"// unordered_map 不支持有序操作\nump.lower_bound(key); // ❌（unordered_map）\nump.upper_bound(key); // ❌（unordered_map）\n\n// multimap 不支持 []\nmmp[key]; // ❌（multimap）"}],"slateId":"3FZLDWR7r0ZKYNCSk3C6k"}],"slateId":"J9MUUFOpRtgD7D4HWAAWv"},{"type":"Paragraph","children":[{"text":"复杂度："}],"slateId":"667NJGSWbpryhewRshrQ4"},{"type":"BulletedList","children":[{"type":"ListItem","children":[{"text":"map / multimap：插入 / 删除 / 查找："},{"type":"Latex","tex":"O(\\log n)","children":[{"text":""}],"slateId":"sm-hLNQ5Cr3yxhwNBUZZv"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"U05CgAavCOEalz-S3D1no"},{"type":"ListItem","children":[{"text":"unordered_map：插入 / 删除 / 查找：平均 "},{"type":"Latex","tex":"O(1)","children":[{"text":""}],"slateId":"4U17YNjmuY1viQFYjsZaN"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"djpjgrzXcrO6xWz9nCGAT"}],"slateId":"DcmyaY2Xc1NN4SfYTodI3"},{"type":"Heading2","children":[{"text":"set / multiset / unordered_set"}],"slateId":"b4AYtcl5o4rpUNXucdLM0"},{"type":"Heading3","children":[{"text":"底层"}],"slateId":"erhhwkF8ND6muEKE_i-fh"},{"type":"BulletedList","children":[{"type":"ListItem","children":[{"text":"set / multiset","code":true},{"text":"："},{"type":"Span","children":[{"text":"红黑树（有序）","italic":true}],"slateId":"_Iw1hmwHbN4ZaDer-KJCV"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"SJkeR1Mlf5LzI29eW3YIY"},{"type":"ListItem","children":[{"text":"unordered_set","code":true},{"text":"："},{"type":"Span","children":[{"text":"哈希表（无序）","italic":true}],"slateId":"AWWP1RDknpt4tV5MEfFla"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"R3ikK2NWbTHgAN5yUWVaV"}],"slateId":"yu4IaLxlUwTy9ps5BREMS"},{"type":"Heading3","children":[{"text":"常用操作"}],"slateId":"OIDlb7omuB4-32E_VLjyd"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"set s;\nunordered_set us;\nmultiset ms;\n\n// 插入\ns.insert(x);\ns.emplace(x);\n\n// 查找\nauto it = s.find(x);\n\n// 是否存在\nbool ok = s.contains(x);\n\n// 计数\nint cnt = s.count(x);\n\n// 删除\ns.erase(x);\n\n// 大小\nint n = s.size();\nbool ok2 = s.empty();\n\n// 清空\ns.clear();"}],"slateId":"A-6PxrTBbmD00SmUsFKxD"}],"slateId":"MF5LcErqhTBx2o_6dfSMK"},{"type":"Heading3","children":[{"text":"有序容器特有（set / multiset）"}],"slateId":"RTH8icm-wboFMHW2FWNJU"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"// 第一个 >= x\nauto it = s.lower_bound(x);\n\n// 第一个 > x\nauto it = s.upper_bound(x);"}],"slateId":"J6Qbbins9KuowhW-Rpbmt"}],"slateId":"hwW68EBEGBCFg3yqrTPrp"},{"type":"Heading3","children":[{"text":"迭代器"}],"slateId":"62tnikejywFgpwwO68BLa"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"// 正向\nfor (auto it = s.begin(); it != s.end(); ++it) {}\n\n// 反向（仅有序容器）\nfor (auto it = s.rbegin(); it != s.rend(); ++it) {}"}],"slateId":"dglq9Mvha9ul3yCjCV9-0"}],"slateId":"dTgIRpOiwwib4yTZ93CmP"},{"type":"Heading3","children":[{"text":"不支持"}],"slateId":"If-rIS5OGgmKdXEtPVAuL"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"// set 均不支持随机访问\ns[i]; // ❌\n\n// unordered_set 不支持有序操作\nus.lower_bound(x); // ❌（unordered_set）\nus.upper_bound(x); // ❌（unordered_set）"}],"slateId":"NfbQr9TVNFZy8toC1LT3z"}],"slateId":"kgTHYpvULn-tbpNx3Osl6"},{"type":"Paragraph","children":[{"text":"复杂度："}],"slateId":"7bJD7lLM6nBw8hKZZrf6z"},{"type":"BulletedList","children":[{"type":"ListItem","children":[{"text":"set / multiset：插入 / 删除 / 查找："},{"type":"Latex","tex":"O(\\log n)","children":[{"text":""}],"slateId":"ur0hbyZoV3biNpI103KEi"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"0tae2z0urp2NKihI34RRm"},{"type":"ListItem","children":[{"text":"unordered_set：插入 / 删除 / 查找：平均 "},{"type":"Latex","tex":"O(1)","children":[{"text":""}],"slateId":"g7aiPAJoNQMYIIA5d384g"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"NngCU9dlS9fS9S1yWfd9z"}],"slateId":"Jx6FZ0bP0h_sr2rjkyVNV"},{"type":"HorizontalRule","children":[{"text":""}],"slateId":"3GIr48a4mrmu7811zxmD4"},{"type":"Heading1","children":[{"text":"lambda（匿名函数）"}],"slateId":"rfqqiqrch2OpCONA-NBKZ"},{"type":"Heading2","children":[{"text":"基本写法"}],"slateId":"u_Y4CGQlMV6KXvgzrjUG5"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"auto f = [](int x){\n return x * 2;\n};"}],"slateId":"pAVyGEXy5Aj-PunDDawtK"}],"slateId":"tfLPugFb2jjd3whXwvpsv"},{"type":"Heading2","children":[{"text":"捕获"}],"slateId":"KZ5EjZk3A7uhZGs134dE6"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"[&] // 引用捕获\n[=] // 值捕获"}],"slateId":"NSfQQ2PvlNthxFaMGjTSg"}],"slateId":"R_KAk9jJmwdACANKvQt18"},{"type":"Heading2","children":[{"text":"比较器"}],"slateId":"JwMCTPep0d5EwQxIpRnL5"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"sort(v.begin(), v.end(), [&](int a, int b){\n return a < b;\n});\n\nranges::sort(v,[&](int a, int b){\n return a < b;\n});"}],"slateId":"Pizj9SZWZPRPEF3kOJg16"}],"slateId":"gHiLvXKKbWuXXmBOuS1um"},{"type":"Paragraph","children":[{"text":"说明："}],"slateId":"35FaM8mxr-0XGiXoPgM_T"},{"type":"BulletedList","children":[{"type":"ListItem","children":[{"text":"返回 true 表示 a 排在 b 前"}],"slateId":"JoY-EpnoGff5mSn9E5mJG"}],"slateId":"aXV7MHw_6xFx4rBW1S6l3"},{"type":"Heading2","children":[{"text":"常见模板"}],"slateId":"vvohPvz1pTjCcafRkMycR"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"// 按 second 排序\nsort(v.begin(), v.end(), [](auto &a, auto &b){\n return a.second < b.second;\n});\n\n// 多关键字\nsort(v.begin(), v.end(), [](auto &a, auto &b){\n if (a.first != b.first) return a.first < b.first;\n return a.second < b.second;\n});"}],"slateId":"Gmm-Qy5ADI0-x2vKM6U_N"}],"slateId":"iO9Z9dtLGT78DGdyFcRgS"},{"type":"Heading1","children":[{"text":"常用算法"}],"slateId":"9yLWQi14I8mhuhQ4KVTjJ"},{"type":"Heading2","children":[{"text":"排序"}],"slateId":"nA-XRUZSIbhh7CD66_3Pf"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"// 升序排序\nsort(v.begin(), v.end());\n\n// 降序排序\nsort(v.begin(), v.end(), greater());\n\n// 自定义比较\nsort(v.begin(), v.end(), [&](int a, int b){\n return a < b;\n});\n\n// ranges 版本,ranges::sort(r, comp, proj),第二个参数是比较器，第三个参数是投影\nranges::sort(v);\n\n// 降序排序\nranges::sort(v, greater());\n\n// 自定义键排序\nranges::sort(v, {}, [](auto &x){\n return x.second;\n});"}],"slateId":"HrbYPwT0oHUfiy3lvLks1"}],"slateId":"qCQdNJqss62umt6ZEEkJH"},{"type":"Paragraph","children":[{"text":"复杂度："},{"type":"Latex","tex":"O(n \\log n)","children":[{"text":""}],"slateId":"bFJQ5dmi8DYF9P4eMaxEs"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"qvSWiWwh-neOA_j7_rn7P"},{"type":"Heading2","children":[{"text":"二分查找"}],"slateId":"_86UlOrLEu5FaZuNFJiE7"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"// 第一个 >= x 的位置\nauto it = lower_bound(v.begin(), v.end(), x);\n\n// 第一个 > x 的位置\nauto it = upper_bound(v.begin(), v.end(), x);\n\n// 是否存在 x（有序区间）\nbool ok = binary_search(v.begin(), v.end(), x);"}],"slateId":"e6HSukwjDVHj6wrx_P5-5"}],"slateId":"f2K4pJYzB72YS1v9ht0k3"},{"type":"Paragraph","children":[{"text":"复杂度："},{"type":"Latex","tex":"O(\\log n)","children":[{"text":""}],"slateId":"JhUHrVsVUJNLH4gW7k1U_"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"SqcDK6J3tqKfrt9bZR1kM"},{"type":"Heading2","children":[{"text":"查找 / 计数"}],"slateId":"796c5HF7FfzXumAHx1E4J"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"// 查找元素（返回迭代器）\nauto it = find(v.begin(), v.end(), x);\n\n// 统计出现次数\nint cnt = count(v.begin(), v.end(), x);"}],"slateId":"BhJlwrWdZ3h1DNwdcXIFd"}],"slateId":"-lqr1DUbYuX4Rm8OKeDFN"},{"type":"Paragraph","children":[{"text":"复杂度："},{"type":"Latex","tex":"O(n)","children":[{"text":""}],"slateId":"ZursbW-m3EiOHLGcJk9LU"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"F09QAz1tswVKWv55Z6mWu"},{"type":"Heading2","children":[{"text":"极值"}],"slateId":"zUnjXfHKA0NQ8PhU_ZZcA"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"// 最大值迭代器\nauto it = max_element(v.begin(), v.end());\n\n// 最小值迭代器\nauto it = min_element(v.begin(), v.end());\n\n// 最大值\nint mx = *max_element(v.begin(), v.end());\n\n// 最小值\nint mn = *min_element(v.begin(), v.end());"}],"slateId":"del4tzpx2fZWeNoFnW2Fm"}],"slateId":"guFzEcoJQoxlVfBax8kfN"},{"type":"Paragraph","children":[{"text":"复杂度："},{"type":"Latex","tex":"O(n)","children":[{"text":""}],"slateId":"Lexb7gYulwPz2VVaGbp1Y"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"MZRBOk_9GwIT6Qg8ZsDYX"},{"type":"Heading2","children":[{"text":"数值"}],"slateId":"tQ0QmRl6G9KVOZ4x2Yw2B"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"// 填充递增序列\niota(v.begin(), v.end(), start);\n\n// 示例\niota(v.begin(), v.end(), 0); // 0,1,2,...\n\n// 求和\nint sum = accumulate(v.begin(), v.end(), 0);"}],"slateId":"iluBB0OfW5NlkAzcpOvS_"}],"slateId":"S_ARiLO6vlikQKDpoXka-"},{"type":"Paragraph","children":[{"text":"复杂度："},{"type":"Latex","tex":"O(n)","children":[{"text":""}],"slateId":"Ij3xyIiuSFGEJFT599-hR"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"kYUP6Ssd0tTi7FJgxjjlq"},{"type":"Heading2","children":[{"text":"反转"}],"slateId":"k04HGVVuI7ji9KirN3SYd"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"reverse(v.begin(), v.end());"}],"slateId":"nHlKXNeC57rIEpKkfiHMB"}],"slateId":"QttQJafMtJvbOA15Wxopu"},{"type":"Paragraph","children":[{"text":"复杂度："},{"type":"Latex","tex":"O(n)","children":[{"text":""}],"slateId":"mjpD46KAPCoAcfWKg-ats"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"CsDW8x_atWdGk6CtCDBB1"},{"type":"Heading2","children":[{"text":"去重"}],"slateId":"s-ARUg25IEPXnqmLT-s5D"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"// 去重（需先排序）\nsort(v.begin(), v.end());\nv.erase(unique(v.begin(), v.end()), v.end());"}],"slateId":"XmhKyrbUBoytqueEFVnER"}],"slateId":"K194zD01rAlBrnvbIApRp"},{"type":"Paragraph","children":[{"text":"复杂度："},{"type":"Latex","tex":"O(n \\log n)","children":[{"text":""}],"slateId":"TMTiQaiU7rZk5jcaa-kb_"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"QDcPw_Yj7IbGWxbyqKZ_t"},{"type":"Heading2","children":[{"text":"第 k 小 / Top-K"}],"slateId":"hS7uOhG98iIfCrsPqmiFe"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"// 第 k 小（从 0 开始数）\nnth_element(v.begin(), v.begin() + k, v.end());\nint x = v[k];\n\n// 第 k 大\nnth_element(v.begin(), v.begin() + k, v.end(), greater());\n\n// 前 k 小\nnth_element(v.begin(), v.begin() + k, v.end());\nvector res(v.begin(), v.begin() + k);"}],"slateId":"MbwyPNHUbmutAkeEE4Kkt"}],"slateId":"R-4sivf2XnKVb5c6Y6EM7"},{"type":"Paragraph","children":[{"text":"复杂度：平均 "},{"type":"Latex","tex":"O(n)","children":[{"text":""}],"slateId":"6QF_8S5Jf9URhQoZzaGvw"},{"text":""}],"slateId":"3WWVOCZ7K5LCOqd3Lp63b"},{"type":"Heading2","children":[{"text":"递归 lambda（DFS）"}],"slateId":"kwaF_aY18__b6JalFze81"},{"type":"CodeBlock","activeTabIndex":0,"children":[{"type":"CodeTab","language":"cpp","name":"","children":[{"text":"// 通过参数 dfs 调用自身\nauto dfs = [&](this auto&& dfs, int u) -> void {\n // ...\n dfs(u + 1);\n};\n\ndfs(0);"}],"slateId":"Tm9d379W1ZVh4pNj9-IXA"}],"slateId":"5dLyfp6rj9xQzvJp4qssk"}]